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Conference volumes
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Special series
Expectations and Emotions of Chinese Travelers in the Ming-Qing Era
ISBN:
9789571453095
Publisher:
Taipei: San-min books
Author(s):Jen-shu Wu , Imma Di Biase
Date:
2010-1
Price:
未出版
Pages:
180
Vol.:
0
Size:
16 K
Abstract:
Originated by the British in the 19th century, modern tourism developed into a great symbol of modern society and life. Tourism was actually implanted on the historical and cultural background, thought and social economy in the early modern period. However, there were tourist activities of many kinds in China since late Ming to mid Qing period. Part one of this book describes mass tourism activities on one hand, and probes into the gradual marketing of tourist activities on the other hand, including the commercialization of tourist handbooks, accommodation, food and transport. Compared to the Western European countries of the same period, the facilities of Chinese tourism, from the 16th to the 18th century, went on declining from a leading to a lagging position. Since travel culture is an important aspect of the literati’s culture of the Ming and Qing Dynasties, specific attention is given to how the literati moulded the culture of travelling. Part two of this book deals with the tourist activities of the literati. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties there were periods when the zest for traveling diminished, yet travel remained an important activity of the literati all the time. The literati's diaries during the Ming and Qing Dynasties show the real day-to-day practices of travel and prove that the mainstream preference at that time was for short distance journeys. The diaries also indicate that the literati thought highly of comfort and leisure while they were touring and that one of the functions of traveling was also social intercourse. Part three of this book discusses how the literati built their travel culture. Besides introducing the relevant texts that the they wrote, this part focuses on the evolution of narrative and writing styles that took place especially from the late Ming to the mid Qing periods. Mainly through the analysis of the travel notes, we probe into the literati’s self-consciousness of their social status, and their tendency to change their writing styles in order to raise their social profile. We also present another point of view which refers to the impressions and attitudes of Chinese travelers − such as special envoys, intellectuals, overseas students and migrants, etc. − who traveled to the West or came in contact with Westerners in the late Qing period. Finally, we discuss the representation of the tourist landscapes through three cultural forms. First, the literati’s typical landscape impressions and how the Jiangnan mountains and rivers influenced their traveling choices. Secondly, we show that building tourist landscapes also related to politics, as it was the case with the emperors who produced new sceneries during the Qing Dynasty. Finally, we will take Suzhou as an example of how the tourist landscapes developed in the Ming and Qing periods to become historic sites in the 20th century as well as the scenic spots of modern tourism.
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