This book presents research results on the Taiwan Independence Movement and political incidents of White Terror by Chen Yi-shen, Research Fellow at the Institute of Modern History, Academia Sinica. Through four significant political incidents of Taiwan Independence, including the Su Tong-ch’i case (1961), the case of Peng Ming-min and his students (1964), the Taiyuan Prison case (1970), and the case of the Formosa/Kaohsiung Incident (1979), the author discusses how Taiwanese people were repressed and crushed by state apparatus while pursuing freedom, democracy and even independence in postwar Taiwan during the long Martial Law Era, as “resistance” and “suffering” were woven into each and every historical episode.