Academia Sinica
/
Sitemap
/
MH Login
/
中文
關鍵字搜尋
Events
> News
> Academic
About IMH
> Introduction
> Director’s remarks
> Organization
> Advisory board
> Research plans
> Research findings
> Honors
> Admin Staff
People
> Research fellows
> Corresponding Research Fellows
> Adjunct research fellows
> Postdoctoral fellows
> Doctoral candidate fellows
> Research Groups
Activities
Publications
> Historical sources
> Monographs
> Bulletin
> RWMCH
> Conference Volumes
> Other publications
> Hu Shih Publications
> eBooks
> Non-IMH publications
> Search
> Order
Academic exchanges
> List of Partner Institutions
> Visiting scholars
> Life and work
> Visiting scholars program
Resources
> Research Resources Links
> Special displays
> Video
> Picture of the Day
Contact
> Subscribe our RSS
> FAQ
> Contact us
Home
>
Vol. 115
ISSN：
1029-4740
Date：
2022-3
Softcover：250 TWD
Price：
未出版
Pages：
206
Vol.：
0
Size：
16 K
Other Ordering Methods：
SanMin
．
Agent List
Abstract：
This issue contains three articles: “Rural Crisis and Policy Adjustment in the Soviet Union from 1924 to 1925,” by Zhao Xu-li; “Youth Narrative in the Nationalist Party’s Small Group Meetings and the Chinese Communist Party’s Political Techniques,” by Wang Chen-cheng; “Elegy for Yenching University: The ‘Rebirth’ and Disillusionment of an American Missionary University, 1948-1952,” by Yang Kuisong; Research and Discussion: “H. G. Wells’s
The Outline of History
in China: Writing, Translation and Chinese History,” by Hsiang-Fu Huang; Book Reviews: “Hou Kunhong,
Taixu’s Era: Buddhism in Republican China from a Multidimensional Perspective
,” by Liu Qiong.
Contents
Articles
Rural Crisis and Policy Adjustment in the Soviet Union from 1924 to 1925
[Abstract]
Zhao Xu-li
PDF
1
It is widely believed in Chinese mainland academic circles that the burden of Soviet farmers in the period of New Economic Policy was milder than that in the period of War Communism, and the social contradictions were generally eased. However, historical materials such as the archives of the state security organizations of the Soviet Union and peasants’ letters from 1924 to 1925 contradict this conventional understanding, proving that there were crises in rural areas of the Soviet Union–peasant resistance movements such as terrorist actions, bandit movements, and uprisings occurred in some rural areas of the Soviet Union, and also the worker-peasant alliance fractured. These materials show the need for further study on the concrete implementation of the New Economic Policy. This article finds that the historical background of the rural crisis in 1924-1925 was closely related to the international environment of the Soviet Union, which was an isolated socialist island, to the weak sense of political identity of people in the border regions with the new regime, and to the national strategy of giving priority to the development of industry. The direct cause of the rural crisis was abuses in the implementation of the agricultural tax, incurring the resentment of the peasants and those soldiers who were from the peasantry, which was intensified by severe famine. The peasant uprising in Georgia in August 1924 shocked the Soviet leaders, symbolizing the outbreak of the limited rural crisis. The Soviet government, acutely aware of the crisis, decisively adopted the new policy of “facing the countryside,” and by drastically reducing the agricultural tax finally successfully settled the rural crisis. However, the improvement of peasants’ incomes after the resolution of the crisis deviated from the Soviet Union’s national goal of extracting peasants’ wealth and developing industry, and laid the groundwork for the elimination of rich peasants and the collectivization of agriculture in the next stage.
Keyword
：Soviet Union, agricultural tax, rural crisis, New Economic Policy
Youth Narrative in the Nationalist Party’s Small Group Meetings and the Chinese Communist Party’s Political Techniques
[Abstract]
Wang Chen-cheng
PDF
51
Youth narrative assumes that youth is the force of progress in history. It also requires a kind of modern politics in which the supposedly innate knowledge and progressive worldview of youth are respected as the major source of legitimate power. As a form of political organization and practice prevailing in late nineteenth and early twentieth century Russia, small group meetings (kruzhok) embodied the tenet of the youth narrative. In order to deal with the challenge from the youth narrative and the CCP, the Nationalist Party adopted small group meetings in late 1938. By emulating CCP’s kruzhok, Chiang Kai-shek believed that the whole Nationalist regime could be reinvigorated and thereby regain the support of youth. However, youth narrative was never fully accepted by major Nationalist leaders who cherished traditional values rather than the value-free truth. As such, those techniques based on youth narrative could not be properly applied. This historical experience reminds us that youth narrative, like other metanarratives, remains relevant to the practices and understandings of modern politics.
Keyword
：youth narrative, small group meetings, party construction, cadre education, political techniques
Elegy for Yenching University: The “Rebirth” and Disillusionment of an American Missionary University, 1948-1952
[Abstract]
Yang Kuisong
PDF
113
Before the Chinese Communist Party fully seized power, Western Christian groups with missionary universities in China were already planning to withdraw from China, but the moderate policy of the CCP in the early days of its entry into the cities left many Christians with some illusions. In the second half of 1950, due to the conflict of personnel rights and the war between China and the United States over North Korea, Fu Jen Catholic University and Yenching University were successively taken over by the new Chinese government. The ensuing political movements such as “thought reform,” “profession of loyalty,” and “organizational clean-up” opened the way for the complete abolition of church universities, the elimination of Western influence, and the reconstruction of China’s higher education system according to the Soviet model. This article focuses on how Yenching University was thrown into the dustbin of history in this context.
Keyword
：Yenching University, Christianity, United States, Chinese Commuist Party, thought remolding
Research and Discussion
H. G. Wells’s
The Outline of History
in China: Writing, Translation and Chinese History
[Abstract]
Hsiang-Fu Huang
PDF
161
The Outline of History
by the English writer H. G. Wells is an ambitious work of popular world history. Wells narrates a universal history covering the evolution of the natural world and humankind, from the origin of life to the First World War, in a concise and lucid way. Because Wells was not a professional historian, his unconventional treatment of historiography made this bestseller receive mixed reviews. The popularity of the
Outline
was not confined to the English-speaking world. The title’s representation of multiple cultures and nations outside the Western world, along with its discussions on the history of China, immediately attracted the attention of Chinese readers since its first publication in 1920. Wells’s sources of Chinese history came from not only the common knowledge accumulated by contemporary Western Sinologists, but also personal contacts with Chinese intellectuals, including Liang Qichao, Ding Wenjiang, Fu Sinian, and Chen Yuan (Xiying). Liang Qichao also contributed greatly to the Chinese translation of the
Outline
. The title’s macro-narrative, interdisciplinary methods, and its depiction of Chinese civilization within the frame of world history, provided an inspiration for Liang’s project of transforming Chinese historiography. However, Wells’s attempt to shape a common history of mankind based on evolution was criticized by some Chinese intellectuals such as Lei Haizong for failing to avoid Eurocentrism. Keywords: H. G. Wells, cosmopolitanism, universal history, Liang Qichao, new history
Keyword
：H. G. Wells, cosmopolitanism, universal history, Liang Qichao, new history
Book Reviews
Hou Kunhong,
Taixu’s Era: Buddhism in Republican China from a Multidimensional Perspective
Liu Qiong
PDF
201
Return