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November 25, 1935, the East Hebei Autonomous Council was established in Tongzhou. The council was a puppet government under Japanese control. Chiang Kai-shek considered it as an even serious shame over the Mukden Incident. However in fact, its impacts in economy was worse than politics. It dumped oil and opium to China and harm the taxation at Tianjin custom, and exported emigrant to Manchuria to compensate the labor. About the details of the latter, you may refer to our research finding: Chao Chung-fu, "Migrants in the three northeastern provinces in the 1920 and 30s-".
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