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May 23, 1865, due to the death of Sengge Rinchen, the Beijing area fell in panic. The court urgently ordered Zeng Guofan to supervise military affairs in Shandong to pacify the Nian rebellion, and switch Li Hongzhang to govern the lower Yangtzu area. Sengge Rinchen was a Mongolian prince. He achieved success in the Taiping Rebellion and Second Opium Wars. He was the last famous Manchu-Mongolian general in the Qing dynasty. After his death, the major military power totally switch to the Han people. This is a turning point in the modern military history. For details you may refer to our research finding: Liu Feng-han, "Late Qing Self-strengthening movement and early military reform, 1861-1895", in Collected Articles from the Conference on the Self-Strengthening Movement in the Late Qing.
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