The scope of research into railway history is broad and includes many areas, however, the most popular area of research is economic history. Most scholars has much to discuss about various kinds of railway output from an economic standpoint, however, rarely have scholars examined organization and operations and personnel management etc. This book hopes to make good this omission and also, using the industry’s management experience as an example observe the effectiveness, in terms of organizational and personnel adjustment, of Chinese government departments in modern history when they actively became involved in economic matters and, in doing do, simultaneously catch a glimpse of the process of Chinese modernization and its problems.