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Vol. 79
ISSN:
1029-4740
Date:
2013-3
Softcover:250 TWD
Price:
未出版
Vol.:
0
Size:
16 K
Other Ordering Methods:
MH
Abstract:
This issue contains four articles: “The Kyakhta Trade in Russian Textiles in the Nineteenth Century”, by Lai Hui-min;” A Comparison of Eastern and Western Principles of International Order: Suzerainty vs. Colonization”, by Chang Chi-hsiung;” The National Resources Commission’s Takeover of Taiwan Power Company in the Early Post-War Period (1945-1952): Technology and Engineers”, by Lin Lan-Fang; “The Military Assistance of the Republic of China to the Republic of Vietnam during the Vietnam War”, by Huang Chung-ting; Book Reviews:” Tong Lam, A Passion for Facts: Social Surveys and the Construction of the Chinese Nation-State, 1900-1949”, by Chiang Yung-chen‧Thomas S. Mullaney, James Leibold, Stéphane Gros, and Eric Vanden Bussche, eds., Critical Han Studies: The History, Representation, and Identity of China’s Majority”, by Joseph Lawson; “O. E. Nepomnin, Istoriia Kitaia: Epoha Tsin, XVII-nachalo XX veka [The history of China: The period of the Qing Dynasty, 17th-early 20th centuries]”, by Rostislav Berezkin.
Contents
Articles
The Kyakhta Trade in Russian Textiles in the Nineteenth Century
[Abstract]
Lai Hui-min
PDF
1
Kyakhta served as a center of trade between China and Russia in the eighteenth-century. China exported large quantities of Lanjing and Shanghai textiles, while Russia exported furs. In the nineteenth century, tea largely replaced textiles as China’s chief export. Similarly, fur exports from Russia declined in favor of Prussian and Polish wools going to China, while Russia also sent its own wool and textiles to China. European cotton and wool textiles were gradually pushed aside by Russian products, so that by 1840, European textiles only accounted for 2 percent of the Kyakhta trade. The low price and high quality of Russian textiles made them more competitive than their British or American counterparts. Russian textiles flooded the northern China market, with Russian flannel totaling several million Russian meters, and Russian cloth several hundred thousand Russian meters. The Qing court required that all nobles, as well as civil and military officials, wear turquoise riding coats when paying their annual tribute to the court. In addition, Guangdong censors and other high officials wore Russian wool robes for ceremonies. The Chinese particularly liked the Russian robes because they were cheap, colorful, and wide. We can see that the nineteenth century popularity of Russian textiles in China was no less than that of fur and skins in the eighteenth century.
Keyword
:Kyakhta trade, Russia, cotton textiles, wool fabric
A Comparison of Eastern and Western Principles of International Order: Suzerainty vs. Colonization
[Abstract]
Chang Chi-hsiung
PDF
47
The principle of international order governing the international system of the “world empire of China” is the “order principle of the world of China.” In contrast, the principle of international order regulating the Western world is “international law.” Prior to the early-modern period, China applied a “non-ruling governance” approach based on its principle through a suzerainty system founded on ethnic self-governance combined with prohibition of vassals from religious and political self-determination. As for the Western world, colonies were ruled by effective control. When the Western world started exerting its influence on Eastern countries, interaction between the Chinese notion of suzerainty and Western international law led to clashes over the principle of international order. Disputes related to the sovereignty of territories of vassals of China emerged. In order to seize Taiwan, Okinawa, Korea, Vietnam, Tibet, and other vassals or territories, Western nations used the “actual land jurisdiction theory” of “international law” as a means to implement effective control over these territories. Negotiation on international order principles ensued. This article examines the de jure disputes between China and Western powers that were rooted in different principles of the international order.
Keyword
:principles of Chinese world order, principles of order of international law, conflicts of international order principle between Eastern and Western worlds, principles of non-ruling governance, principles of effective control
The National Resources Commission’s Takeover of Taiwan Power Company in the Early Post-War Period (1945-1952): Technology and Engineers
[Abstract]
Lin Lan-Fang
PDF
87
After World War II ended, economic construction was urgently needed. Since electric power was central to all industrial production, the reorganization of this industry became the first essential mission. In its takeover of Taiwan Power Co., the National Resources Commission initially used experienced electrical engineers who had been educated in Mainland China, especially men from Kunming Lakeside Electrical Plant. The Commission also relied on Chinese engineers who had been trained in America. Japanese engineers were indispensable in the early post-war period as well. Japanese engineers had their greatest influence on repairing and maintaining electrical equipment. Later, when most Japanese had left Taiwan, Taiwanese engineers started to cooperate with the engineers of the Commission. Nevertheless, most of the machines designed to generate electricity from water and fossil fuels were provided by foreign countries. Consequently, when facing serious problems, Taiwan Power Co. still required assistance from Japanese and other foreign engineers.
Keyword
:National Resources Commission, Taiwan Power Company, electrical engineers, retained Japanese in Taiwan, foreign engineers
The Military Assistance of the Republic of China to the Republic of Vietnam during the Vietnam War
[Abstract]
Huang Chung-ting
PDF
137
The Battle of Dien Bien Phu led to the French retreat from the Indochina Peninsula in 1954. A new episode of Sino-Vietnamese (Republic of China and Republic of Vietnam) relations emerged when South Vietnam and North Vietnam each decided to pursuit legitimacy by making alliances based on ideology. For what reason the relationship during 1955 to 1975 had mainly acted in close military coordination? Accordingly, it also raised the question of the category of the military assistance from the ROC to the ROV and the U.S. role within the Sino-Vietnamese military tie. The author found that the traditional views to its counterpart respectively enabled a steady military tie between Taipei and Saigon. As to the U.S. factors to the Sino-Vietnamese military assistance tie, three points had been summed up. Firstly, the military assistance tie could compensate the lack of the U.S. military assistance to the ROV. Secondly, in part, the Sino-Vietnamese military cooperation would be confined to the U.S. way. Finally, the U.S. did not dominate the Sino-Vietnamese military relationship.
Keyword
:Sino-Vietnamese, military assistance, Vietnam War, Cold War, counterattack against the mainland
Book Reviews
Tong Lam,
A Passion for Facts: Social Surveys and the Construction of the Chinese Nation-State, 1900-1949
Chiang Yung-chen
PDF
173
Thomas S. Mullaney, James Leibold, Stéphane Gros, and Eric Vanden Bussche, eds.,
Critical Han Studies: The History, Representation, and Identity of China’s Majority
Joseph Lawson
PDF
201
O. E. Nepomnin,
Istoriia Kitaia: Epoha Tsin, XVII-nachalo XX veka
[The history of China: The period of the Qing Dynasty, 17th-early 20th centuries]
Rostislav Berezkin
PDF
209
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