This book examines the rice supply, land, tax, banking, industry and commerce reforms that were introduced under same-but-different party-state systems in Mainland China and Taiwan 1950-1960, the early Cold War period. The objective of these reforms was to consolidate political power and begin a new era of construction. In their papers the different authors explore the successes and failures of the reforms. Their research achievements can be described as pioneering in their field, allowing readers to acquire a better understanding of history after separate governments were established across the Taiwan Straits.