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Home
> Publications >
RWMCH
Vol. 35
ISSN：
1029-4759
Date：
2020-6
Softcover：200 TWD
Price：
未出版
Pages：
191
Vol.：
0
Size：
18 K
Other Ordering Methods：
WuNan
．
SanMin
．
Agent List
Abstract：
本期收學術論文三篇：巫仁恕著〈劫後婦女：抗戰時期蘇州淪陷後的婦女生活〉、林星廷著〈從天理到手技：清末的西醫婦產科譯書與知識傳遞〉、蘇芸若著〈獅城善女人：19世紀以來的新加坡齋姑社群〉，及書評一篇：紀大偉撰〈評Howard Chiang, After Eunuchs: Science, Medicine, and the Transformation of Sex in Modern China〉。
Contents
Articles
Surviving Calamity: Women’s Lives in Occupied Suzhou
[Abstract]
Wu Jen-Shu
PDF
1
Despite the growing wealth of studies related to gender in Chinese history, scholars have tended to neglect the fates of women in occupied China under the Japanese. As well, what little research has been done focused almost exclusively on the elite classes. This article seeks to reconstruct the plight of ordinary women through an analysis of contemporary newspaper articles, showing how many lost their homes and livelihoods as a result of the occupation. At the same time, however, war also served as an accelerator of social change. As the example of Suzhou shows, marriage mores came under enormous pressure amid the upheaval of the times, leading to both greater uncertainty and greater autonomy for women. Similarly, socio-economic pressures also led to an upsurge in new service jobs for women, who increasingly relied upon themselves to make ends meet. These changes were often criticized or satirized by male writers, who dominate the main sources used here. Nonetheless, their descriptions reflect a sense of anxiety amid the general volatility of life under the occupation, as well as the accumulating social changes that were taking place. In the final part of this article, a brief excursion into the leisure activities of contemporary women is undertaken, which reveals a growing rift between the rich and the poor in urban Suzhou.
Keyword
：Sino-Japanese War, Suzhou, women’s history, occupied areas, daily life
From Heavenly Principle to Hands-on Technique: Medical Translations and the Transmission of Western Obstetrics and Gynecology into Late Qing China
[Abstract]
Shing-ting Lin
PDF
67
This article investigates the relations between medical texts and the practice of Protestant medical missionaries in transmitting Western obstetrics and gynecology into nineteenth-century China. It focuses on two different genres of medical translations, seen in Benjamin Hobson’s Treatise on Midwifery and Diseases of Children (Fuying xinshuo, 1858) and John G. Kerr’s technical manual, Essentials of Obstetrics (Taichan juyao, 1893), respectively. Whereas Hobson situated his text on “specialist methods” in the realm of scholarly knowledge that was informed by, and in turn contributed to, Chinese classical scholarship, Kerr, who worked closely with his non-elite students and assistants, promoted “hands-on techniques” exclusively generated in the clinical setting. The evolution of the two translations in their distinct genres also reflects the historical process of the introduction of Western medicine into China: medical activities evolved from communication among literati to an emphasis on “hands-on learning” in hospitals for educating pupil-practitioners. To be sure, this article does not intend to dichotomize a chasm between academic knowledge valued by literati and craft skills possessed by medical practitioners; instead, I argue that we should maintain a keen historical perspective on the concept of “Western medicine,” particularly as its practices developed across diverse time and space before extending to a host of even more starkly different cultures, including those found in China. Such historicity bears witness to the fact that medicine is a uniquely hybrid and malleable sort of science and socio-cultural practice.
Keyword
： missionary medicine, Fuying xinshuo, Taichan juyao, practices of medical translation, hands-on learning
The Good Women of Lion City: Vegetarian Nuns and their Religious Community in Singapore Since 19th Century
[Abstract]
Show Ying Ruo
PDF
121
In the early history of the Chinese in Singapore, vegetarian nuns were a significant female community that has not received much attention. “Vegetarian nun” is a general term referring to groups of Chinese vegetarian women who exhibit a unique religious subjectivity. A large number lived in vegetarian halls, while some were active in private Buddhist temples and early Buddhist monasteries. Vegetarian nuns are addressed according to their religious names or personal names, plus the suffix of gu (姑) to indicate their identity. Their obituaries and ancestral tablets also possess religious significance.
Throughout Southeast Asia, “vegetarian nuns” possess overlapping social roles as they navigate multiple identities. Vegetarian nuns actively draw on their own social resources in the construction of gendered spaces and support networks. Forming “sisterhoods” based on religious lineages, kinship ties, and dialect groups, vegetarian nuns participate in community and cultural activities and support themselves self-sufficiently while practicing good deeds. In addition to serving as a traditional place of worship, the vegetarian hall is a religious and social space that is constantly being shaped as resident-members gather to practice medicine, conduct meetings, exchange news, and manage their business networks.
This article draws on historical documents and oral interviews to connect historical perspectives with contemporary ethnographic observations, in order to illustrate the identities and belief networks of vegetarian nuns, focusing on the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries in Singapore. Through outlining vegetarian nuns’ employment of their social resources, this article shows how these resources help expand their religious sisterhoods. Keywords:
Keyword
：vegetarian nuns (zhaigu), vegetarian halls, Buddhism, sisterhoods, philanthropy
Book Review
Book Review on Howard Chiang’s After Eunuchs: Science, Medicine, and the Transformation of Sex in Modern China
Ta-wei Chi
PDF
183
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