In the late Ch’ing, the T’ung Meng Hui served as the most important opposition force, which needed to develop a set of appealing theories to attract supporters in its effort to overthrow the government. At that time, Sun Yet-sen’s Min Pao (“The People’s Paper”) succeeded in these goals. This book examines the revolutionary theories of the T’ung Meng Hui (elsewhere called “the Chinese Revolutionary Alliance”) as its research subject. The content of the Min Pao helped construct ordinary people’s understanding of the modern Chinese revolution’s central movement—the T’ung Meng Hui Collective Revolution.