Does the ROC truly own the de jure sovereignty of Taiwan and Pescadores Islands? Why was the ROC in Taiwan the only legitimate government representing the whole China and seating in the UN security council for merely 22 years after 1949? Wen-Tang Shiu analyzes diplomatic dynamics within diverse archival sources. He argues: the ROC should have foreseen the ultimate deprivation of the ROC’s legitimacy by the UN, but Chiang Kai-shek had consistently held up his ideal until it became shattered and then, disillusion.