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Vol. 86
ISSN：
1029-4740
Date：
2014-12
Softcover：250 TWD
Price：
未出版
Pages：
205
Vol.：
0
Size：
16 K
Other Ordering Methods：
SanMin
．
Agent List
Abstract：
This issue contains four articles: “Institutional Diffusion and Localization: John B. Grant’s Public Health Experiments in Beijing, 1921-1925,” by Du Lihong; “From Self-Writing to Public Performance: Peggy Abkhazi’s Wartime Diary,” by Lien Ling-ling; “New Research on the Postwar Rice Shortage Problem in Taiwan (1945-1946),” by Su Yao-Chong; “Tang Junyi’s Vision and Critique of Democracy,” by Chak Chi-shing; Book Reviews: “Chihyun Chang,
Government, Imperialism and Nationalism in China: The Maritime Customs Service and Its Chinese Staff
,” by Tang Chi-hua; “Xue Yu,
Buddhism, War, and Nationalism: Chinese Monks in the Struggle Against Japanese Aggression, 1931-1945
,” by Kun-hung Hou; “Fuma Susumu,
Korean Embassies to Beijing and Japan. Translated by Wu Yue
,” by Wu Cheng-wei.
Contents
Articles
Institutional Diffusion and Localization: John B. Grant’s Public Health Experiments in Beijing, 1921-1925
[Abstract]
Du Lihong
PDF
1
In 1921 John B. Grant was sent to China by the International Health Board of the Rockefeller Foundation, thus furthering the institutional diffusion of American public health policies in Beijing. To gain the support of the Foundation, Grant proposed opening a health department in the Union Medical College and setting up a health center to practice medicine and train health workers based on clinical and preventive medicine. In 1924, the Foundation agreed to give him financial support. Grant took advantage of his existing social networks to set up a public health station under the auspices of the Police Department. Grant controlled the station’s finances and personnel, which ensured that the station adhered to the principles of scientific medicine. The station fundamentally influenced institutional changes to public health services across Beijing, representing both institutional diffusion and localization. It had to obey the basic principles of the Foundation lest it lose financial support, while it had to meet the requirement of the local government lest it lose political support.
Keyword
：Rockefeller Foundation, institutional diffusion, localization, public health
From Self-Writing to Public Performance: Peggy Abkhazi’s Wartime Diary
[Abstract]
Lien Ling-ling
PDF
49
This article analyzes Peggy Abkhazi’s diary to examine how journal writing affected self-construction. Born in early twentieth-century Shanghai, the British woman Peggy Abkhazi was interned in the Civil Assembly Center (CAC) in Shanghai during the Pacific War (1941-1945). During her internment, she recorded details of her daily life in the CAC until the end of the war. Rather than using the diary as a source to reconstruct the organization of the CAC, this article examines the action of keeping a journal: how journal-keeping became part of daily life during the war and what it meant to the diarist. Published three times since the 1980s, Peggy Abkhazi’s diary served not only to unveil a wartime story but also to rebuild the collective memory of the so-called Shanghailanders as well as strengthen the local identity of new immigrants. Tracing the multi-layered history of diary writing and publishing, this article explores new ways of studying diaries.
Keyword
：diary, the Pacific War, Alien Civilian Assembly Center, concentrate camp, Shanghailander
New Research on the Postwar Rice Shortage Problem in Taiwan (1945-1946)
[Abstract]
Su Yao-Chong
PDF
95
Taiwan experienced a period of serious rice shortage after World War II (1945-1946). The Taiwan government was very corrupt and could not deal with the rice shortage; people’s anger thus erupted and finally led to the outbreak of the 2-28 Incident in 1947. Because of the 2-28 Incident, the problem of rice shortages in the postwar period has been a very important historical issue. Many researchers have worked on the issue; however, they did not use the firsthand materials and their conclusions have led to misunderstandings or wrong explanations. For example, one study concluded that the rice shortage was caused by the Japanese government because the government distributed rice to Japanese soldiers. Conversely, another stated that the Taiwan government worked hard to solve the shortage. The above examples are just two of earlier scholars’ incorrect conclusions. Based on direct investigation of the materials of the Chinese National Relief and Rehabilitation Administration, this article carefully considers the real reasons why the rice shortage occurred in the postwar period, what measures the government took to solve the problem, and why it failed.
Keyword
：The 228 Incident, Chinese National Relief and Rehabilitation Administration (CNRRA), United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration (UNRRA), Office of Taiwan Province Governor General, Government General of Taiwan
Tang Junyi’s Vision and Critique of Democracy
[Abstract]
Chak Chi-shing
PDF
135
Professor Tang Junyi, a leading scholar in the New Confucian movement of the twentieth century, advocated the Confucian doctrine of the goodness of human nature. It was therefore inevitable that Tang disagreed with the Christian doctrine of original sin. Since the doctrine of original sin has long been considered a cornerstone of theories of Western democracy, Tang’s critique of Western democracy can be viewed, to an extent, as a criticism of the Christian doctrine of original sin doctrine on the basis of the Confucian doctrine of the goodness of human nature. Although Tang’s criticisms are logical, focused, and persuasive, they do not always give full credit to the merits of democracy. The question for Tang then became how to reconcile the differences between the Confucian doctrine and the original sin doctrine to build Chinese democracy. Tang strongly believed that Chinese and Western cultures each had their own strengths and weaknesses, and hence he dedicated his lifework to integrate the Confucian theory of self-cultivation with concepts of Western democracy. Tang advocated mutual exchange between Chinese and Western cultures in order to achieve a new democracy that would be more balanced, harmonious, and reflective of human nature.
Keyword
：Tang Junyi, New Confucianism, democracy, doctrine of the goodness of human nature, doctrine of original sin
Book Reviews
Chihyun Chang,
Government, Imperialism and Nationalism in China: The Maritime Customs Service and Its Chinese Staff
Tang Chi-hua
PDF
181
Xue Yu,
Buddhism, War, and Nationalism: Chinese Monks in the Struggle Against Japanese Aggression, 1931-1945
Kun-hung Hou
PDF
189
Fuma Susumu,
Korean Embassies to Beijing and Japan. Translated by Wu Yue
Wu Cheng-wei
PDF
199
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